Tuples store items in an ordered way, which means you can retrieve any item by its index. Python supports both positive and negative indexing, and you can also access items using loops and slicing.

???? Indexing starts at 0, and negative indexes start at -1 (from the end).

Example 1: Access Using Positive Index

animals = ("dog", "cat", "rabbit", "parrot")
print(animals[0])  # First item
print(animals[2])  # Third item

Output:

dog
rabbit

Example 2: Access Using Negative Index

animals = ("dog", "cat", "rabbit", "parrot")
print(animals[-1])  # Last item
print(animals[-2])  # Second last item

Output:

parrot
rabbit

Example 3: Access Items Using a Loop

animals = ("dog", "cat", "rabbit", "parrot")
for animal in animals:
   print(animal)

Output:

dog
cat
rabbit
parrot

Example 4: Access a Range of Items (Slicing)

animals = ("dog", "cat", "rabbit", "parrot")
print(animals[1:3])  # From index 1 to 2 (not including 3)

Output:

('cat', 'rabbit')

Example 5: Loop Using Index Numbers

animals = ("dog", "cat", "rabbit", "parrot")
for i in range(len(animals)):
   print(f"Index {i}: {animals[i]}")

Output:

Index 0: dog
Index 1: cat
Index 2: rabbit
Index 3: parrot

Example 6: Accessing Out-of-Range Index

animals = ("dog", "cat", "rabbit", "parrot")
print(animals[5])

Output:

IndexError: tuple index out of range

Tip: Always check the tuple length using len(tuple) before accessing indexes dynamically.

Example 7: Nested Tuple Indexing

nested = (1, 2, (10, 20, 30), 4)
print(nested[2])       # Access inner tuple
print(nested[2][1])    # Access item inside inner tuple

Output:

(10, 20, 30)
20

Example 8: Tuple With Mixed Data Types

person = ("Alice", 30, ["Python", "Django"])
print(person[0])       # Name
print(person[2][1])    # Second skill from list inside tuple

Output:

Alice
Django

Example 9: Check for an Existing Item

colors = ("red", "green", "blue")
if "green" in colors:
   print("Yes, 'green' is in the tuple")

Output:

Yes, 'green' is in the tuple

Example 10: Check for a Non-Existing Item

colors = ("red", "green", "blue")
if "yellow" in colors:
   print("Yes, 'yellow' is in the tuple")
else:
   print("No, 'yellow' is not in the tuple")

Output:

No, 'yellow' is not in the tuple

Example 11: Check Inside a Loop

numbers = (10, 20, 30, 40)
search_items = [15, 20, 45]
for num in search_items:
   if num in numbers:
       print(f"{num} found in tuple.")
   else:
       print(f"{num} not found.")

Output:

15 not found.
20 found in tuple.
45 not found.

Example 12: Using in with a Conditional Expression

result = "apple" in ("apple", "banana", "mango")
print(result)

Output:

True

Summary

• Use tuple[index] to access items.
• Index starts from 0 (left to right).
• Negative indexes (-1, -2) go from right to left.
• Use slicing for ranges: tuple[start:end].
• Use len() to get tuple length and avoid IndexError.
• Use in to check if an item exists in a tuple.
• It's a simple and efficient way to validate membership.
• Works with loops and conditional expressions.